THE FACTS
Many migraine sufferers are reluctant to hit the gym, fearful that pushing themselves too hard may bring on an attack. But for some, exercise may have the opposite effect.
Migraine triggers vary widely from one person to the next. A few case reports have identified people for whom periods of physical activity could precipitate severe headaches. But by and large, the research has shown that for people predisposed to migraines, regular exercise, at least a few times a week, either does no harm or may have modest benefits.
In one of the most thorough studies, published in the journal Cephalalgia in October, researchers in Sweden randomly split 91 migraine sufferers into three groups. One group exercised for 40 minutes three times a week. Another was given topiramate, a drug that helps prevent migraines. The third underwent regular relaxation exercises. The study lasted three months, and the subjects were monitored over an additional six months.
The scientists found that the rate of migraines fell in all three groups, and that each intervention was equally effective. They noted that for people who want to reduce migraines without the side effects of drugs, exercise may be a good alternative.
In a smaller study, the same researchers looked at 26 migraine sufferers before, during and after cycling sessions on stationary bikes at a clinic in Sweden. The subjects cycled three days a week for three months. At the end of the study, they saw improvements in cardiovascular fitness and reductions in the severity and number of migraines they experienced.
THE BOTTOM LINE
Exercise may help prevent migraines in some people.
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